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In venture capital, mega-funds exceeding $2 billion (in fund size, not just AUM, which is often much higher) are often celebrated as transformative forces capable of reshaping industries by deploying hundreds of millions in capital with relative ease. However, a deeper dive into the data reveals a more nuanced reality. While these large funds generate significant excitement, achieving the benchmark of 3x DPI (Distributions to Paid-In) remains exceedingly rare. This underscores the inherent complexities and trade-offs involved in managing capital at such scale.

To clarify, being compared to private equity (PE) isn’t inherently negative—it’s more about nomenclature and the risk profile, deployment strategy, and return expectations associated with these investments. Importantly, we continue to rely on these mega-funds to drive innovation by channeling substantial capital into startups. This discussion is focused specifically on the returns for LPs, rather than the broader ecosystem impact these funds have through their investments, which is still significant.

📊 The Data Speaks for Itself:

• 🌟 Out of 72 $2B+ VC funds, only 3 funds (4%) have crossed 3x TVPI, and just 1 fund (1%) has achieved 3x DPI. (All pre-2020 funds)

• 🌍 Across a larger dataset, 648 $2B+ funds, only 15 (2%) have crossed 3x TVPI, and just 5 funds (1%) managed to cross 3x DPI.

These figures underscore how rare it is for mega funds to deliver the outsized returns LPs (limited partners) expect. While these funds wield significant influence and resources, they also face unique challenges that make consistent, high returns elusive.

🤔 Why Are Exceptional Returns So Rare for Mega VC Funds?

1. The Scaling Problem 📈
   Larger funds often require larger investments, which generally means a higher entry valuation. While early-stage funds can take smaller bets on high-potential companies at lower valuations, mega funds need to write bigger checks at later stages, where valuations are higher and returns can be compressed depending on the liquidity markets.

2. Market Dynamics 🌐
   With a large fund size comes a need to deploy capital efficiently. This pressure can lead to participation in deals with less favorable terms or chasing companies that have already scaled significantly, leaving less room for exponential growth.

3. Outlier Dependence 🎯
   Venture capital relies on outliers—the few companies that deliver extraordinary returns. The bigger the fund, the more difficult it becomes to find enough of these outliers to move the needle significantly on overall fund performance.

Currently almost all the industry money getting more concentrated into just a hand full of funds, almost more than it’s ever been in history.

💡 Lessons for LPs and VCs

For limited partners, this data serves as a critical reminder to approach mega funds with a certain understanding. While they have the resources and reputations to attract top deals, their ability to deliver top-tier returns is far from guaranteed.

For venture capitalists, the lessons are clear:

• Bigger Isn’t Always Better 🔍: Scaling a fund size doesn’t necessarily scale performance. Discipline and focus are essential to avoid over-deployment.

• Focus on Quality Over Quantity 🏆: Mega funds must remain laser-focused on identifying true outliers and supporting them to success.

• Maintain Flexibility 🤝: Creating carve-outs for earlier-stage investments or exploring creative capital structures can help offset some challenges of deploying large amounts of capital.

So here is a wrap up from one of the best LPs in the business

As I often emphasize, if you're looking to invest in outliers, groundbreaking technology, and the next big thing, you need to consider emerging managers. These are the true scouts—identifying diamonds in the rough, taking the boldest risks, and positioning themselves for the biggest rewards.

When choosing a manager, ensure they offer opportunities to learn, co-invest, follow on, and actively support their portfolio companies. Keep in mind, building a successful startup takes time. Raising additional capital, scaling operations, and achieving a meaningful exit is a long-term journey. Investing in this space means committing to a partnership that spans years—patience and collaboration are key.

FIND ME: 𝕏 @Trace_Cohen / in LinkedIn

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